Door closer and check



March 9 1926.

P. LANG DOOR CLOSER AND CHECK 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed June 4, 1925 March 9 1926. 4 1,576,286

P. LANG DOOR CLOSER AND CHECK Filed June 4, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 O null I Patented 'Mar. 9, 1926.

4 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PHILIP LANG, or cnnsn FALLS, IOWA, Assienonrowmrmn 'uanoracronme I 4 comm, or cnnan FALLS, IOWA. v

noon cLosnn AND canon.

Application fled June 4, 1925. aim in. 34,989.

To all whom it may concern: v

Be it known that I, PHILIP Lane, a 01th zen of the United States, of Cedar Falls, in

the county of Black Hawk. and State of 6 Iowa, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Door Closer'sand Checks; and I do her by declare thefollowmg to be a full, clear, and exact descr ptionof the invention, such as will enable-flothers skilled 30 in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to door closers and'checks.

The object of my invention is to provide a door closer and check for shding doors and is particularly designed for elevator doors, in which the door is opened against spring tension and when released the spring tension imparts to the door a closingmovement which is very slow for a certain improvements in tance and then allowed to move morerap ly for a predetermined distance, an

gradually checked on theifinal ment'of the door, whereby thEl'eJSPI'flGtl:

cally no jar during any 'art'.of tl 1e closing movement and obviates 't dusual nolse .m the closing of the door.

Another object of. m invention topro-.

check in. which the vide a door closer an tension of the s ring can be readil adjusted from the outsi e of the casing an in which the s ee'd of the final closing movement can also e regulated from the outide of the casing.

A further object of my) invention 1s to provide a closer which can e readily apphed to any elevator slidin door and at the same time provide a simp e, cheap and effective closer having certam details of structure and combination of parts to accomplish certain results hereinafter more fully set forth.

In the accompanying drawings Fi re 1 is a longitudinal vertical Sectiona view of my improved closer..

Fi re 2 is a longitudinal vertical sectiona view similar to Figure 1 showing the piston near the end ofits downward move- .ment and showing two compression springs. Figure 3 is' a. vertical sectional View of the lower end of the closer showing the piston at its extreme lower position.

Figure liis a horizontal 'sectionalview taken on the line of Figure 2'.

Figure 5 is a transverse sectional view taken on the line 55 of Figure 1. 7

- This invention is adapted to b vapplied to elevator doors such as shown in my c0 pending application Serial N 0-. 612,334, filedv January 12, 1923, and therefore I am not slhowing the application of the closer'of the 001'. i

Referring now to the drawing? 1 represents the door clo'serwhich as s own is in a cylindrical form and having at its lower 4, having a n rod 6.. Carried by the upper end of ca and surrounding the piston 6 is an 'umbr'e la washer 7, adaptedto form a ti ht joint with the piston rod and prevent irt from passing into the cylinder and also prevent oil from passing u wardly around the of the piston rod iston. .The upper en as means for attaching 'it to the elevator shaft. 7 F

The lower end of the cylinder 1 is closed by a head, 8, which is screwed into the lower threaded end 9 of the cylinder and carries the eye 2, asfully shown in Figures 1- and 2 of the drawings. This head 8 is provided with a reduced upwardly extending cylin-' drical portion 10. which is OfEthQ same diameter throughout its length and provided with av'ertical opening 11 extending downwardly through its upper end, which communicates at 1ts lower end with the lateral the head. Arranged within t ei'passage 12 is a ball valve MadapIted toclose the same on one movement of t e piston and to open on the other movement aswill be hereinafter more fully described. In order to pre vent the ball valve 14 from assing-from the passage 12 I have rovide the pin 15. Communicating with t e passage 12 is an obliquely arranged passage 16,'which communicates at its lower end with the passage 17, which extends upwardly and communicates with the annular space 13 surrounding the reduced portion 10 of the head. Coming 19 is a bushing 20, adapted to compress the washer 21 against the valve 22 whlcha's threaded into the sleeve 20, and operated by a nut or screw head 23. By this structure it will be seen that the passage of the fluid from space 13 to the space 29 can be regulated, whereb the movement of the piston,

hereinafter escribed, can be regulated. The valve 22 can be screwed outwardly and removed so that the oil can be drained from the cylinder, without removing any of the parts, and new oil can be placed therein through the plugged opening 24, carried by the cap 4:.

In the form shown in Figure 1, the piston 25 has the piston rod 6 connected thereto, and carried 1 by the piston 'rod. Directly above the piston is a bafile plate 26, .against which the oil strikes in its upward m veEent through the openings 27 in the piston and is prevented from passing upwardly with any force to the upper end of the cylinder.

The piston 25 closely. fits the walls of the cylinder 1, and has a series of openings 27 arranged around the reduced portion .28, whereby the oil passes through the piston. These openin s 27 communicate with the enlarged portlon 29 of the bore of the piston and the reduced portion 30 of the bore of the piston is of a size to tightly fit the reduced extension '10 of thehead ,One side of the reduced portion 10 of the head is provided with cut away portion 31 whlch extends from a point adjacent the upper end of the plug and gradually tapers downwardly to nothing-at the lower end.

"-In the modification shown in Figure 2 of the drawings it will be seen that I have employed two springs 32 and 33 and these springs as shown form bafiles above the opening 27 and therefore the baffle plate 26 is dispensed with. From the foregoing description it will be see that immediately upon the commencemen of the checking inovement of the closing operation of the door the piston moving downwardly, and the bore 30 of the piston closely fitting the rojection 10 as in Figure 1, there will be a high pressure checking movement of the piston for a short movement thereof, 011 bemg displaced slowly from the space 13 past the regulating valve 22 and after the ortion 30 has passed below the-upper en of the reduced portion, it passes below the uper end of cut away portion 31, thus formmg an auxiliary passage for the oil from space 13, as shown in Figure 2 of the draw ings. A continued downward movement of the piston gradually closes the cut away portlon 31 and prevents the passage of the oil therethrough and thus the downward 'move- -ment of the piston during the last part of its downward stroke is again controlled by the regulating screw 22 as shown in Figure 3 of the drawings.

The valve 22 is set so that the movement of the door can be regulated so that it will close more rapidly or slower as desired. The ball valve 14 moves outwardly against the pin 15 when the piston starts upwardly and pre-' vents any suction or vacuum in the space 13 around the plug 10 and allows the 011 to flow down through the passa es 11 and 12 to the space and fill the same while the piston is moving upwardly and the door 'is'being opened thus the 011 has a free passage and does not in any way retard the move-- ment of the door.

When heavy dodrs are closed at a high speed they develop a comparatively large momentum, and in order to check such doors a checking cylinder is required which oifers a high pressure resistance to'destroy the momentum without shock. This is accomplished by the piston developing a high pressure onthe checking liquid until such a mo- -n1entum is spent and then the pressure is relieved by t e intermittent by pass in the projection. This relieves the door operating links and brackets of the heavy strainto which they are usually subjected and which prevents the rebound and the jerking motion usually found in doors just prior to the total closing of the door.

, Having thus fully described my invention what I claim is i 1. A door closer and check. comprising a cylinder adapted to retain liquid, a piston therein, a spring in the cylinder and normally holding the piston at the lower end of the cylinder, a projection carried by the cylinder and cooperating with the piston for retarding the movement of the piston against the tension of the spring and constructed to have a high checking pressure upon the first part of the checking movement of the piston and partially releasing said pressure for a short movement of the piston and gradually retarding the movement of the iston against thetension of the spring on the last part of the movement.

2. A door closer and check, comprising a cylinder adapted to retain 1i uid, a iston therein, a spring in the cylin er an normally holding the piston at the lower end of the cylinder, a projection carried b the cylinder and cooperating with the plston,

and having a cut-away portion in its outerof the piston and said pressure partly releasedfor a short movement of the piston,

and gradually retarding the movement or the piston against the tension of the spring on the last part of its movement.

3. A door closer and check comprising'a cylinder adapted to retain liquid, a iston therein, a spring in the cylinder an normally holding the piston at the lower end of the cylinder, a projection carried by the cylinder and extending within thehollow piston and having ne side cut away intermediate its ends, whereby there is a high checking, pressure onthe first part of the downward movement of the piston'and said pressure released and a gradual retarding of the piston on the last part of its downward movement.

4. A door closer and check comprising a cylinder adapted to retain liquid, a piston therein, having a hollow lower end, a spring within the cylinder and normally holding the piston at the lower end of the cylinder, a projection carried by the lower end of the cylinder and adapted to enter the hollow lower end of the piston and having a passage therethrough, and a valve controlling the passage of fluid from the space around the projection through the. PIOIIECtlOl'l, said projection having one side cut away intermediate its upper and lower ends, whereby there is a high checking pressure on the first part of the downward checking movement of the piston and said pressure released and a gradual retarding movement of the plston -during the last part of the downward liquid through the hollow projection from below the piston and said projection constructed to have a high checking pressure on the piston during the first part of the checking movement thereof, and releasing said pressure and gradually retarding the movement of the piston at the lower end of the downward stroke.

matic valve for breaking the vacuum below the piston through the projection on the upward movement of the piston.

7. A door closenand check, comprising a cylinder adapted to retain liquid, a hollow piston therein, a spring normally holding the piston in the lower end of the cylinder, a projection cooperating with the hollow piston and having a cut away portion in its outer face intermediate its ends and gradually tapering toward its lower end,

a valve for. regulating the flow of liquid from-below the piston through the projection, means for removing said valve, whereby the cylinder may be drained and means for breaking the vacuum below the piston during its upward movement.

8. A door closer and check comprising a cylinder adapted to retain liquid, a piston therein, a spring in the c linder and normally holding the piston in the lower endof the cylinder, a cylindrical projection ed pperating with the hollow piston andhavlng-a cut away portion in its outer face intermediate its ends and gradually tapering toward the lower end, a valve controlling the flow of fluid from below the piston through the projection, means for breaking the vacuum below the lower end of the piston on the upward movement of the piston, and a bafiie carried by the piston rod above the piston to prevent the oil from passing upwardly to the upper end of the cylinder.

In testimony whereof, I have signed this specification.

PHILIP LANG. 

